{
  "starting": {
    "resultSchema": "infrastructure-screen-1",
    "contentVersion": "2.0.0",
    "modelVersion": "1.0.0",
    "lessonId": "thermal-liquid-continuity",
    "model": "thermalScreen",
    "inputs": {
      "heatMW": 20,
      "removedMW": 0,
      "capacitanceMJK": 150,
      "deltaK": 5,
      "rackKW": 100,
      "captureFraction": 0.8,
      "waterDeltaK": 10,
      "waterCp": 4180,
      "airDensity": 1.2,
      "airCp": 1005,
      "airDeltaK": 12
    },
    "outputs": {
      "liquidKW": 80,
      "residualAirKW": 20,
      "waterKgS": 1.9138755980861244,
      "residualAirM3S": 1.3819789939192924,
      "temperatureRiseKS": 0.13333333333333333,
      "thermalLimitS": 37.5,
      "status": "finite-lumped-limit"
    },
    "inputUnits": {
      "heatMW": "MW",
      "removedMW": "MW",
      "capacitanceMJK": "MJ/K",
      "deltaK": "K",
      "rackKW": "kW",
      "captureFraction": "ratio",
      "waterDeltaK": "K",
      "waterCp": "J/(kg·K)",
      "airDensity": "kg/m³",
      "airCp": "J/(kg·K)",
      "airDeltaK": "K"
    },
    "outputUnits": {
      "liquidKW": "kW",
      "residualAirKW": "kW",
      "waterKgS": "kg/s",
      "residualAirM3S": "m³/s",
      "temperatureRiseKS": "K/s",
      "thermalLimitS": "s or null for no positive net rise",
      "status": "thermal state"
    },
    "assumptions": [
      "Thermal capacitance and net heat are treated as a spatially lumped constant-rate screen.",
      "Expose the heat that liquid cooling leaves behind: At a 100 kW rack and an illustrative 80% liquid capture, the liquid path removes 80 kW and the air path still handles 20 kW. With water specific heat 4,180 J/(kg K) and a 10 K rise, liquid flow is about 1.914 kg/s. Under the stated air assumptions, residual airflow is about 1.382 m³/s. Direct-to-chip, rear-door and immersion arrangements have different interfaces and auxiliary dependencies; do not merge them into one universal loop.",
      "Start the thermal clock: In a lumped loss-of-cooling model, temperature-rise rate is net heat input divided by effective thermal capacitance. With 150 MJ/K capacitance, 20 MW heat input, zero heat removal and a 5 K permissible rise, the interval is 37.5 s. Only thermally coupled mass on this time scale belongs in that capacitance, and local hot spots may reach limits sooner. A ten-minute UPS therefore does not establish ten minutes of thermal continuity."
    ],
    "limitations": [
      "Educational screen only; no equipment selection, facility calibration, professional review or certification.",
      "No dynamics, protection coordination, site conditions or manufacturer-specific behavior are inferred.",
      "Not CFD, local junction-temperature prediction, heat-exchanger design or selected-equipment qualification.",
      "Fluid properties and thermal capacitance are illustrative, not site measurements."
    ],
    "sourceLocators": [
      {
        "id": "DCIE-R1",
        "chapter": 8,
        "pdfPages": [
          38,
          41
        ],
        "evidenceStatus": "manuscript-derived; not independent source verification"
      }
    ],
    "inputHash": "8842273d6d97fa0819e460de46ecda538263761f0c0094aa3cd9995d179a7591",
    "sourceRevision": "e4d47bd6616aa54e19c7da5ee4e2a98afe6209c1",
    "independentEngineeringVerification": false,
    "resultHash": "5cd551dc5c5601744a3f6f0ffbc4d84357ab0cfceb574cce4c44d6f7a6d5841a"
  },
  "challenge": {
    "resultSchema": "infrastructure-screen-1",
    "contentVersion": "2.0.0",
    "modelVersion": "1.0.0",
    "lessonId": "thermal-liquid-continuity",
    "model": "thermalScreen",
    "inputs": {
      "heatMW": 20,
      "removedMW": 0,
      "capacitanceMJK": 150,
      "deltaK": 5,
      "rackKW": 120,
      "captureFraction": 0.75,
      "waterDeltaK": 10,
      "waterCp": 4180,
      "airDensity": 1.2,
      "airCp": 1005,
      "airDeltaK": 12
    },
    "outputs": {
      "liquidKW": 90,
      "residualAirKW": 30,
      "waterKgS": 2.15311004784689,
      "residualAirM3S": 2.0729684908789388,
      "temperatureRiseKS": 0.13333333333333333,
      "thermalLimitS": 37.5,
      "status": "finite-lumped-limit"
    },
    "inputUnits": {
      "heatMW": "MW",
      "removedMW": "MW",
      "capacitanceMJK": "MJ/K",
      "deltaK": "K",
      "rackKW": "kW",
      "captureFraction": "ratio",
      "waterDeltaK": "K",
      "waterCp": "J/(kg·K)",
      "airDensity": "kg/m³",
      "airCp": "J/(kg·K)",
      "airDeltaK": "K"
    },
    "outputUnits": {
      "liquidKW": "kW",
      "residualAirKW": "kW",
      "waterKgS": "kg/s",
      "residualAirM3S": "m³/s",
      "temperatureRiseKS": "K/s",
      "thermalLimitS": "s or null for no positive net rise",
      "status": "thermal state"
    },
    "assumptions": [
      "Thermal capacitance and net heat are treated as a spatially lumped constant-rate screen.",
      "Expose the heat that liquid cooling leaves behind: At a 100 kW rack and an illustrative 80% liquid capture, the liquid path removes 80 kW and the air path still handles 20 kW. With water specific heat 4,180 J/(kg K) and a 10 K rise, liquid flow is about 1.914 kg/s. Under the stated air assumptions, residual airflow is about 1.382 m³/s. Direct-to-chip, rear-door and immersion arrangements have different interfaces and auxiliary dependencies; do not merge them into one universal loop.",
      "Start the thermal clock: In a lumped loss-of-cooling model, temperature-rise rate is net heat input divided by effective thermal capacitance. With 150 MJ/K capacitance, 20 MW heat input, zero heat removal and a 5 K permissible rise, the interval is 37.5 s. Only thermally coupled mass on this time scale belongs in that capacitance, and local hot spots may reach limits sooner. A ten-minute UPS therefore does not establish ten minutes of thermal continuity."
    ],
    "limitations": [
      "Educational screen only; no equipment selection, facility calibration, professional review or certification.",
      "No dynamics, protection coordination, site conditions or manufacturer-specific behavior are inferred.",
      "Not CFD, local junction-temperature prediction, heat-exchanger design or selected-equipment qualification.",
      "Fluid properties and thermal capacitance are illustrative, not site measurements."
    ],
    "sourceLocators": [
      {
        "id": "DCIE-R1",
        "chapter": 8,
        "pdfPages": [
          38,
          41
        ],
        "evidenceStatus": "manuscript-derived; not independent source verification"
      }
    ],
    "inputHash": "ec6a6c574b2a241d835da307184d130fbd983e9a5668d6b56ba52441f41b7d0c",
    "sourceRevision": "e4d47bd6616aa54e19c7da5ee4e2a98afe6209c1",
    "independentEngineeringVerification": false,
    "resultHash": "b1b12afd9c0b944630416385ea038c87da05c8082ff4f74a4bc24aedb814f6f9"
  },
  "fuel": null,
  "engineeringDecision": "HOLD"
}